Homegroup security overrides anything else on your server. If a user is granted access to a share in the Dashboard, but the homegroup isn't, then connecting from a computer in the same homegroup will result in the error you're seeing.
If you want to use homegroup security, I believe Microsoft's intention is that you grant full permission to everything. If you don't want to use homegroup security, turn the homegroup off and you can control permissions per user.
I'm not on the WHS team, I just post a lot. :)